denial of the Lord Jesus Christ and in unbelief (vv. 4–5). Jude emphasizes the lordship of Christ (vv. 1–2, 4–5, 17, 21, 25) and the true nature of Christian faith (vv. 3, 20–23). The final judgment and the issue of condemnation are important theological topics related to this overall aim. False teachers are guilty of “slander” (vv. 8, 10), whereas true Christians leave the final judgment to the Lord (v. 9). The opponents are among the sinners who have spoken against the Lord; but it is the Lord
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